Cybernetics in electric power systems / Valentin Andreevich Venikov

CONTENIDO
Foreword 7
Introduction. Methods of Cybernetics in Large Power Systems 9
1-1. General Outline of the Power Industry 9
1-2. Power Systems - an Outline 16
1-3. Methods of the Theory of Large Systems and Management Control
Systems (MCS) 23
1-4. Electric Power Systems as Complex Cybernetic Systems 26
1-5. Development of Cybernetic Methods Applicable to Operation of Electric
Power Systems 28
1-6. Tasks and Courses of Action of Power-System Cybernetics 32
1-7. Optimization of Large Power System Expansion and Operation 39
Chapter 1. Expansion Forecasting 46
1.1. Economic Analysis and Tasks of Forecasting 46
1.2. Forecasting Methods 62
1.3. Modelling 79
1.4. Three Groups of Tasks in Control and Management of Power Systems 93
1.5. Planning and Forecasting in the Power Industry at Present 96
Chapter 2. Optimization of Electric Power Systems During Expansion Planning 101
2.1. Optimization of Electric Power System Expansion as a Cybernetic Problem 101
2.2. Expansion Optimization from a Mathematical Point of View 105
2.3. Simplex Algorithm 107
2.4. Simplex Method 115
2.5. Modified Simplex Method 123
2.6. The Operating-State Block of Estimation Models 131
2.7. Gradient Method 132
2.8. Dynamic Programming 135
2.9. Network Block 138
2.10. Transportation Problems 140
2.11. Branch and Bound Method 152
2.12. Cost-of-Loss Block 161
2.13. Integer Linear Programming and Mathematical Formulation of an Expansion Optimization Problem 162
Chapter 3. Criterion Analysis of the Technical and Economic Problems of the
Power Industry 168
3.1. Selection Criterion for an Optimal Alternative 168
3.2. Technical-Economic Models 169
3.3. Basic Tasks of Technical-Economic Analysis 173
3.4. Use of the Theory of Similarity in Technical-Economic Analysis 176
3.5. Dimensional Units and Per-Unit Quantities 177
3.6. Economical Alternative 180
3.7. Technical and Economic Proportioning 181
3.8. Similarity Criteria for Economical Alternatives 183
3.9. Technico-Economic Stability 184
3.10. Analysis for Technico-Economic Sensitivity 185
3.11. Range of a Variable 187
3.12. Canonical Form of the Discounted Cost Equation 189
3.13. Examples of Analysis of Canonical Equations 193
3.14. Dimension Matrix 198
3.15. Parametric Similarity 201
3.16. First and Second Order Invariance 202
3.17. Discrete Constraints 204
3.18. Ellipsoids of Equal Precision 212
3.19. Functional Constraints 214
3.20. Equation with Negative Generalized Constants 225
3.21. Criterion Analysis Covering the Reliability of Service 228
3.22. Criterion Analysis of Equations Containing Exponential Functions 230
3.23. Basic Outline of Criterion Programming 230
3.24. Geometric Inequality and Minimization Problems 231
3.25. Dual Functions 234
3.26. Primal and Dual Problems 239
3.27. Fundamental Theorem of Criterion Programming 240
3.28. Procedure for Solving Constrained Problems 241
3.29. Modified Lagrangian Function 243
Chapter 4. Informational Analysis of Control and Management in Electric Power Systems 245
4.1. Information and Degree of Organization Defined 245
4.2. Basic Qualitative Aspects of Information in Control and Management Systems 248
4.3. Brief Outline of the Statistical Theory of Information 251
4.4. Hierarchy of Tasks, Goals, Algorithms and Control Centres 255
4.5. Informational Description of Large System Operation 260
4.6. Informational Processes in Electric Power Systems 263
4.7. Trends in the Development of Information Theory 276
4.8. Brief Introduction to the Information Theory of Control 280
Index 313