Elements of chemical reaction engineering / H. Scott Fogler.

CONTENIDO
1. MOLE BALANCES 1
Definition of the Rate of Reaction, menos rA 2
The General Mole Balance Equation 6
Batch Reactors 8
Continuous-Flow Reactors 10
Industrial Reactors 15
2. CONVERSION AND REACTOR SIZING 29
Definition of Conversion 29
Design Equations 30
Applications of the Design Equations 35
Reactors in Series 38
Some Further Definitions 48
3. RATE LAWS AND STOICHIOMETRY 61
Basic Definitions 61
Present Status of Our Approach to Reactor Sizing and Design 72
Stoichiometric Table 72
Reactions with Phase Change 89
4. ISOTHERMAL REACTOR DESIGN 106
Design Structure for Isothermal Reactors 106
Scale-Up of Liquid-Phase Batch Reactor Data to the Design of a CSTR 108
Tubular Reactors 122
Pressure Drop in Reactors 127
Reversible Reactions 144
Unsteady-State Operation of Reactors 149
Simultaneous Reaction and Separation 160
5. COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS OF RATE DATA 190
Batch Reactor Data 191
Method of Initial Rates 205
Method of Half-Lives 207
Least-Squares Analysis 209
Differential Reactors 214
Evaluation of Laboratory Reactors 217
Experimental Design 222
6. CATALYSIS AND CATALYTIC REACTORS 241
Catalysts 241
Steps in a Catalytic Reaction 247
Synthesizing a Rate Law, Mechanism, and Rate-Limiting Step 258
Design of Reactors for Gas-Solid Reactions 269
Heterogeneous Data Analysis for Reactor Design 273
Chemical Vapor Deposition (CVD) 286
Catalyst Deactivation 289
Moving-Bed Reactors 311
7. NONELEMENTARY HOMOGENEOUS REACTIONS 338
Fundamentals 339
Searching for a Mechanism 342
Polymerization 351
Enzymatic Reaction Fundamentals 359
8. NONELEMENTARY REACTOR DESIGN 383
Rationale 383
The Energy Balance 384
Nonisothermal Continuous-Flow Reactors at Steady State 396
Equilibrium Conversion 417
Unsteady-State Operation 424
Nonadiabatic Reactor Operation: Oxidation of Sulfur Dioxide Example 434
Multiple Steady States 447
9. MULTIPLE REACTIONS 486
Conditions for Maximizing the Desired Product in Parallel Reactions 488
Maximizing the Desired Product in Series Reactions 495
Stoichiometric Table Using Fractional Conversion for Multiple Reactions 499
An Alternative Approach to Using Fractional Conversion 505
Sorting It All Out 521
Nonisothermal Chemical Reactions Summary 524
10. EXTERNAL DIFFUSION EFFECTS ON HETEROGENEOUS REACTIONS 543
Mass Transfer Fundamentals 543
Binary Diffusion 548
External Resistance to Mass Transfer 558
What If. . . ? (Parameter Sensitivity) 578
The Shrinking Core Model 582
11. DIFFUSION AND REACTION IN POROUS CATALYSTS 607
Diffusion and Reaction in Spherical Catalyst Pellets 608
Internal Effectiveness Factor 616
Falsified Kinetics 620
Overall Effectiveness Factor 622
Estimation of Diffusion-and Reaction-Limited Regimes 625
Mass Transfer and Reaction in a Packed Bed 628
The Determination of Limiting Situations from Reaction Data 634
Chemical Vapor Deposition (CVD) Reactors 635
12. MULTIPHASE REACTORS 660
Slurry Reactors 661
Bioreactors 675
13. DISTRIBUTIONS OF RESIDENCE TIMES FOR CHEMICAL REACTORS 708
General Characteristics 708
Measurement of the (RTD) 712
Characteristics of the RTD 719
The RTD in Ideal Reactors 729
Reactor Modeling with the RTD 737
Zero-Parameter Models 738
14. ANALYSIS OF NONIDEAL REACTORS 759
The Basic Idea 759
One-Parameter Models 761Two-Parameter Models-Modeling Real Reactors with Combinations of Ideal Reactors 776
Testing a Model and Determining Its Parameters 780
Other Models of Nonideal Reactors Using CSTRs and PFRs 790
Using the RTD versus Needing a Model 790
A. GRAPHICAL AND NUMERICAL TECHNIQUES 807
B. IDEAL GAS CONSTANT AND CONVERSION FACTORS 817
C. THERMODYNAMIC RELATIONSHIPS INVOLVING THE EQUILIBRIUM CONSTANT 818
D. MEASUREMENT OF SLOPES 823
E. OPEN-ENDED PROBLEMS 826
F. NOMENCLATURE 830
INDEX 833