Power system control and stability /
Paul M. Anderson, Abdel-Aziz A. Fouad.
- New York : IEEE Press, 1994
- 464 p.
CONTENIDO Chapter 1. Power System Stability Requirements of a Reliable Electrical Power Service 3 Statement of the Problem 4 Effect of an Impact upon System Components 8 Methods of Simulation 10 Chapter 2. The Elementary Mathematical Model Swing Equation 13 Units 15 Mechanical Torque 16 Electrical Torque 20 Power-Angle Curve of a Synchronous Machine 21 Natural Frequencies of Oscillation of a Synchronous Machine 24 System of One Machine against an Infinite Bus-The Classical Model 26 Equal Area Criterion 31 Classical Model of a Multimachine System 35 Classical Stability Study of a Nine-Bus System 37 Shortcomings of the Classical Model 45 Block Diagram of One Machine 47 Chapter 3. System Response to Small Disturbances Types of Problems Studied 54 The Unregulated Synchronous Machine 55 Modes of Oscillation of an Unregulated Multimachine System 59 Regulated Synchronous Machine 66 Distribution of Power impacts 69 Part II The Electromagnetic Torque 80 Chapter 4. The Synchronous Machine Park's Transformation 83 Flux Linkage Equations 85 Voltage Equations 88 Formulation of State-Space Equations 91 Current Formulation 91 Per Unit Conversion 92 Normalizing the Voltage Equations 99 Normalizing the Torque Equations 103 Torque and Power 105 Equivalent Circuit of a Synchronous Machine 107 The Flux Linkage State-Space Model 109 Load Equations 114 Subtransient and Transient Inductances and Time Constants 122 Simplified Models of the Synchronous Machine 127 Turbine Generator Dynamic Models 143 Chapter 5. The Simulation of Synchronous Machines Steady-State Equations and Phasor Diagrams 150 Machine Connected to an Infinite Bus through a Transmission Line 153 Machine Connected to an Infinite Bus with Local Load at Machina Terminal 154 Determining Steady-State Conditions 157 Examples 159 Initial Conditions for a Multimachine System 165 Determination of Machine Parameters from Manufacturers' Data166 Analog Computer Simulation of the Synchronous Machine 170 Digital Simulation of Synchronous Machines 184 Chapter 6. Linear Models of the Synchronous Machina Linearization of the Generator State-Space Current Model 209 Linearization of the Load Equation for the One-Machine Problem 213 Linearization of the Flux Linkage Model 217 Simplified Linear Model 222 Block Diagrams 231 State-Space Representation of Simplified Model 231 Chapter 7. Excitation Systems Simplified View of Excitation Control 233 Control Configurations 235 Typical Excitation Configurations 236 Excitation Control System Definitions 243 Voltage Regulator 250 Exciter Buildup 254 Excitation System Response 268 State-Space Description of the Excitation System 285 Computer Representation of Excitation Systems 292 Typical System Constants 299 The Effect of Excitation on Generator Performance 304 Chapter 8. Effect of Excitation on Stability Effect of Excitation on Generator Power Limits 311 Effect of the Excitation System on Transient Stability 315 Effect of Excitation on Dynamic Stability 321 Root-Locus Analysis of a Regulated Machine Connected to an Infinite Bus 327 Approximate System Representation 333 Supplementary Stabilizing Signals 338 Linear Analysis of the Stabilized Generator 344 Analog Computer Studies 347 Digital Computer Transient Stability Studies 353 Some General Comments on the Effect of Excitation on Stability 363 Chapter 9. Multimachine Systems with Constant Impedance Loads Statement of the Problem 368 Matrix Representation of a Passive Network 369 Converting Machine Coordinates to System Reference 373 Relation Between Machine Currents and Voltages 374 System Order 377 Machines Represented by Classical Methods 378 Linearized Model for the Network 381 Hybrid Formulation 386 Network Equations with Flux Linkage Model 388 Total System Equations 390 Multimachine System Study 392 Appendix A. Trigonometric Identities for Three-Phase Systems 398 Appendix B. Some Computer Methods for Solving Differential Equations 400 Appendix C. Normalization 414 Appendix D. Typical System Data 424 Appendix E. Excitation Control System Definitions 451
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POWER SYSTEM STABILITY SYSTEM RESPONSE SMALL DISTURBANCES ELECTROMAGNETIC TORQUE SYNCHRONOUS MACHINE LINEAR MODELS EXCITATION SYSTEMS MULTIMACHINE SYSTEMS CONSTANT IMPEDANCE LOADS