Management information systems : managing the digital firm / Kenneth C. Laudon, Jane P. Laudon

CONTENIDO
Part One. Organizations, Management, and the Networked Enterprise 1
Chapter 1. Information Systems in Global Business Today 2
1.1 The Role of Information Systems in Business Today 5
How Information Systems Are Transforming Business 5
What's New In Management Information Systems? 6
Globalization Challenges and Opportunities: A Flattened World 8
The Emerging Digital Firm 11
Strategic Business Objectives of Information Systems 12
1.2 Perspectives on Information Systems 15
What is an Information System? 15
Dimensions of Information Systems 17
It Isn't Just Technology: A Business Perspective on Information Systems 24
Complementary Assets: Organizational Capital and the Right Business Model 26
1.3 Contemporary Approaches to Information Systems 28
Technical Approach 29
Behavioral Approach 29
Approach of This Text: Sociotechnical Systems 29
1.4 Hands-on MIS Projects 31
Management Decision Problems 31
Chapter 2 Global E-Business and Collaboration 40
2.1 Business Processes and Information Systems 43
Business Processes 43
How Information Technology Enhances Business Processes 44
2.2 Types of Business Information Systems 45
Systems for Different Management Groups 45
Systems for Linking the Enterprise 51
E-business, E-commerce, and E-government 55
2.3 Systems for Collaboration and Teamwork 55
What is Collaboration? 56
Business Benefits of Collaboration and Teamwork 57
Building a Collaborative Culture and Business Processes 58
Tools and Technologies for Collaboration and Teamwork 59
2.4 The Information Systems Function in Business 68
The Information Systems Department 68
Organizing the Information Systems Function 69
2.5 Hands-on MIS Projects 70
Management Decision Problems 70
Chapter 3 Information Systems, Organizations, and Strategy 78
3.1 Organizations and Information Systems 81
What is an Organization? 82
Features of Organizations 84
3.2 How Information Systems Impact Organizations and Business Firms 89
Economic Impacts 89
Organizational and Behavioral Impacts 91
The Internet and Organizations 93
Implications for the Design and Understanding of Information Systems 94
3.3 Using Information Systems to Achieve Competitive Advantage 94
Porter's Competitive Forces Model 95
Information System Strategies for Dealing with Competitive Forces 96
The Internet's Impact on Competitive Advantage 99
The Business Value Chain Model 102
Synergies, Core Competencies, and Network-Based Strategies 106
3.4 Using Systems for Competitive Advantage: Management Issues 111
Sustaining Competitive Advantage 111
Aligning IT with Business Objectives 111
Managing Strategic Transitions 112
3.5 Hands-on MIS Projects 113
Management Decision Problems 113
Chapter 4. Ethical and Social Issues in Information Systems 120
4.1 Understanding Ethical and Social Issues Related to Systems 123
A Model for Thinking About Ethical, Social, and Political Issues 124
Five Moral Dimensions of the Information Age 125
Key Technology Trends That Raise Ethical Issues 126
4.2 Ethics in an Information Society 129
Basic Concepts: Responsibility, Accountability, and Liability 129
Ethical Analysis 129
Candidate Ethical Principles 130
Professional Codes of Conduct 131
Some Real-World Ethical Dilemmas 131
4.3 The Moral Dimensions of Information Systems 131
Information Rights: Privacy and Freedom in the Internet Age 131
Property Rights: Intellectual Property 138
Accountability, Liability, and Control 141
System Quality: Data Quality and System Errors 143
Quality of Life: Equity, Access, and Boundaries 143
4.4 Hands-on MIS Projects 153
Management Decision Problems 153
Achieving Operational Excellence: Creating a Simple Blog 154
Improving Decision Making: Using Internet Newsgroups for Online Market Research 154
Part Two Information Technology Infrastructure 161
Chapter 5. IT Infrastructure and Emerging Technologies 162
5.1 IT Infrastructure 165
Defining IT Infrastructure 165
Evolution of IT Infrastructure 166
Technology Drivers of Infrastructure Evolution 170
5.2 Infrastructure Components 175
Computer Hardware Platforms 175
Operating System Platforms 177
Enterprise Software Applications 177
Data Management and Storage 179
Networking/Telecommunications Platforms 180
Internet Platforms 180
Consulting and System Integration Services 181
5.3 Contemporary Hardware Platform Trends 181
The Emerging Mobile Digital Platform 181
Grid Computing 182
Virtualization 182
Cloud Computing 183
Green Computing 184
Autonomic Computing 185
High-performance and Power-saving Processors 185
5.4 Contemporary Software Platform Trends 187
Linux and Open Source Software 187
Software for the Web: Java and Ajax 188
Web Services and Service-Oriented Architecture 189
Software Outsourcing and Cloud Services 191
5.5 Management Issues 194
Dealing with Platform and Infrastructure Change 194
Management and Governance 194
Making Wise Infrastructure Investments 195
5.6 Hands-on MIS Projects 198
Management Decision Problems 198
Chapter 6. Foundations of Business Intelligence: Databases and Information Management 206
6.1 Organizing Data in a Traditional File Environment 209
File Organization Concepts 209
Problems with the Traditional File Environment 210
6.2 The Database Approach to Data Management 212
Database Management Systems 212
Capabilities of Database Management Systems 217
Designing Databases 219
6.3 Using Databases to Improve Business Performance and Decision Making 221
Data Warehouses 222
Tools for Business Intelligence: Multidimensional Data Analysis and Data Mining 224
Databases and the Web 228
6.4 Managing Data Resources 230
Establishing an Information Policy 230
Ensuring Data Quality 230
6.5 Hands-on MIS Projects 234
Management Decision Problems 234
Achieving Operational Excellence: Building a Relational Database for Inventory Management 235
Chapter 7 Telecommunications, the Internet, and Wireless Technology 244
7.1 Telecommunications and Networking in Today's Business World 247
Networking and Communication Trends 247
What is a Computer Network? 247
Key Digital Networking Technologies 250
7.2 Communications Networks 252
Signals: Digital vs. Analog 252
Types of Networks 253
Physical Transmission Media 255
7.3 The Global Internet 257
What is the Internet? 257
Internet Addressing and Architecture 258
Internet Services and Communication Tools 261
The Web 268
7.4 The Wireless Revolution 275
Cellular Systems 276
Wireless Computer Networks and Internet Access 276
RFID and Wireless Sensor Networks 279
7.5 Hands-on MIS Projects 282
Management Decision Problems 282
Achieving Operational Excellence: Using Web Search Engines for Business Research 282
Chapter 8 Securing Information Systems 290
8.1 System Vulnerability and Abuse 293
Why Systems Are Vulnerable 293
Malicious Software: Viruses, Worms, Trojan Horses, and Spyware 296
Hackers and Computer Crime 298
Internal Threats: Employees 302
Software Vulnerability 303
8.2 Business Value of Security and Control 305
Legal and Regulatory Requirements for Electronic Records Management 306
Electronic Evidence and Computer Forensics 307
8.3 Establishing a Framework for Security and Control 308
Information Systems Controls 308
Risk Assessment 309
Security Policy 310
Disaster Recovery Planning and Business Continuity Planning 310
The Role of Auditing 312
8.4 Technologies and Tools for Protecting Information Resources 312
Identity Management and Authentication 312
Firewalls, Intrusion Detection Systems, and Antivirus Software 314
Securing Wireless Networks 316
Encryption and Public Key Infrastructure 317
Ensuring System Availability 318
Security Issues for Cloud Computing and the Mobile Digital Platform 320
Ensuring Software Quality 320
8.5 Hands-on MIS Projects 323
Management Decision Problems 323
Part Three Key System Applications for the Digital Age 333
Chapter 9 Achieving Operational Excellence and Customer Intimacy: Enterprise Applications 334
9.1 Enterprise Systems 337
What Are Enterprise Systems? 337
Enterprise Software 338
Business Value of Enterprise Systems 339
9.2 Supply Chain Management Systems 340
The Supply Chain 340
Information and Supply Chain Management 342
Supply Chain Management Software 344
Global Supply Chains and the Internet 346
Business Value of Supply Chain Management Systems 348
9.3 Customer Relationship Management Systems 349
What is Customer Relationship Management? 349
Customer Relationship Management Software 351
Operational and Analytical CRM 354
Business Value of Customer Relationship Management Systems 355
9.4 Enterprise Applications: New Opportunities and Challenges 355
Enterprise Application Challenges 355
Next Generation Enterprise Applications 356
9.5 Hands-on MIS Projects 361
Management Decision Problems 361
Chapter 10 E-Commerce: Digital Markets, Digital Goods 370
10.1 E-commerce and the Internet 373
E-Commerce Today 373
Why E-Commerce Is Different 374
10.2 E-commerce: Business and Technology 381
Types of E-commerce 381
E-commerce Business Models 382
E-commerce Revenue Models 387
Web 2.0: Social Networking and the Wisdom of Crowds 389
E-commerce Marketing 392
B2B E-Commerce: New Efficiencies and Relationships 395
10.3 The Mobile Digital Platform and Mobile E-commerce 399
M-Commerce Services and Applications 399
10.4 Building an E-commerce Web Site 401
Pieces of the Site-building Puzzle 401
Business Objectives, System Functionality, and Information Requirements 402
Building the Web Site: In-house Versus Outsourcing 402
10.5 Hands-on MIS 405
Management Decision Problems 405
Chapter 11 Managing Knowledge 414
11.1 The Knowledge Management Landscape 417
Important Dimensions of Knowledge 417
The Knowledge Management Value Chain 419
Types of Knowledge Management Systems 421
11.2 Enterprise-Wide Knowledge Management Systems 422
Enterprise Content Management Systems 422
Knowledge Network Systems 424
Collaboration Tools and Learning Management Systems 424
11.3 Knowledge Work Systems 426
Knowledge Workers and Knowledge Work 426
Requirements of Knowledge Work Systems 426
Examples of Knowledge Work Systems 427
11.4 Intelligent Techniques 431
Capturing Knowledge: Expert Systems 432
Organizational Intelligence: Case-Based Reasoning 434
Fuzzy Logic Systems 434
Neural Networks 436
Genetic Algorithms 438
Hybrid AI Systems 441
Intelligent Agents 441
11.5 Hands-on MIS Projects 443
Management Decision Problems 443
Chapter 12 Enhancing Decision Making 452
12.1 Decision Making and Information Systems 455
Business Value of Improved Decision Making 455
Types of Decisions 455
The Decision-Making Process 457
Managers and Decision Making in the Real World 458
High-Velocity Automated Decision Making 461
12.2 Business Intelligence in the Enterprise 461
What Is Business Intelligence? 462
The Business Intelligence Environment 463
Business Intelligence and Analystics Capabilities 464
Management Strategies for Developing BI and BA Capabilities 468
12.3 Business Intelligence Constituencies 471
Decision Support for Operational and Middle Management 471
Group Decision-Support Systems (GDSS) 475
12.4 Hands-on MIS Projects 478
Management Decision Problems 478
Learning Track Module: Building and Using Pivot Tables 479
Chapter 13. Building Information Systems 486
13.1 Systems as Planned Organizational Change 489
Systems Development and Organizational Change 489
Business Process Redesign 491
13.2 Overview of Systems Development 494
Systems Analysis 496
Systems Design 498
Completing the Systems Development Process 499
13.3 Alternative Systems-Building Approaches 506
Traditional Systems Life Cycle 506
Prototyping 507
End-User Development 508
Application Software Packages and Outsourcing 510
13.4 Application Development for the Digital Firm 513
Rapid Application Development (RAD) 514
Component-Based Development and Web Services 515
13.5 Hands-on MIS Projects 516
Management Decision Problems 516
Chapter 14 Managing Projects 526
14.1 The Importance of Project Management 529
Runaway Projects and System Failure 529
Project Management Objectives 530
14.2 Selecting Projects 531
Management Structure for Information Systems Projects 531
Linking Systems Projects to the Business Plan 532
Critical Success Factors 532
Portfolio Analysis 534
Scoring Models 535
14.3 Establishing the Business Value of Information Systems 536
Information System Cost and Benefits 537
Real Options Pricing Models 538
Limitations of Financial Models 539
14.4 Managing Project Risk 539
Dimensions of Project Risk 539
Change Management and the Concept of Implementation 540
Controlling Risk Factors 542
Designing for the Organization 546
Project Management Software Tools 548
14.5 Hands-on MIS Projects 552
Management Decision Problems 552
Chapter 15 Managing Global Systems 558
(available on the Web at www.pearsonhighered.com/laudon)
15.1 The Growth of International Information Systems 561
Developing an International Information Systems Architecture 562
The Global Environment: Business Drivers and Challenges 563
State of the Art 566
15.2 Organizing International Information Systems 567
Global Strategies and Business Organization 567
Global Systems to Fit the Strategy 568
Reorganizing the Business 569
15.3 Managing Global Systems 570
A Typical Scenario: Disorganization on a Global Scale 570
Global Systems Strategy 571
The Management Solution: Implementation 573
15.4 Technology Issues and Opportunities for Global Value Chains 576
Computing Platforms and Systems Integration 577
Connectivity 577
Software Localization 579
15.5 Hands-on MIS 582
Management Decision Problems 582