Frame relay networks : specifications and implementations /
Black, Uyless
Frame relay networks : specifications and implementations / Uyless Black. - 2nd - New York: McGraw-Hill, 1996 - 276 p.
CONTENIDO
Chapter 1
Introduction to Frame Relay Networks 1
Predictions of Frame Relay Use 1
Communications Infrastructure 2
Frame Relay's Approach to Capacity and Intelligence Problems 6
Frame Relay and Voice Traffic 8
Frame Relay: An Evolutionary Technology 8
Frame Relay: A Dead-End Technology? 8
Reasons for the Use of Frame Relay 9
Comparison of Local and Wide Area Networks 10
The Network Bottleneck 10
A Standardized Interface 13
Genesis of Frame Relay 14
Frame Relay vs. Leased Lines 16
Virtual Private Networks (VPN)with Frame Relay 21
Frame Relay Virtual Circuits 23
Guidelines to the Frame Relay Specifications and the Organization of This Book 26
Summary 26
Chapter 2
The OSI and Internet Protocols 29
Layer Operations 29
The OSI-Based Protocols 41
The Internet Protocols 46
Frame Relay's Relationship to a Layered Model 52
Summary 53
Chapter 3
What a Frame Relay System Does and Doesn't Do 55
Distinction Between a Frame, Packet, Datagram, and Other Data Unite 55
Operations of a Conventional Data Link Protocol 56
Operations of the Data Link Layer with Frame Relay 61
Tradeoffs of Link-by-Link vs. End-to-end Error Recovery 63
Layer 2 Requirements Cited by ITU-T Q921 and ANSI T1.602 68
A Typical Frame Relay Configuration 68
Summary 69
Chapter 4
Basics of ISDN 71
Rationale for ISDN 71
The ISDN Layers 72
The ISDN Terminal 72
Layer 2 of ISDN 75
Layer 3 of ISDN (0.931) 76
Example of an ISDN Call 79
Relationship Between Frame Relay and ISDN 81
Summary 81
Chapter 5
Basics of X.25 83
Why X.25 Was Developed 83
Assumptions Made by the X.25 Designers 84
The X.25 Layers 84
X.25 Data Link Layer Operations 85
X.25 Network Layer Operations 86
X.25 Packets 89
X.25 States, Error Handling, and the Frame Relay Approach 91
X.25 Facilities and the Frame Relay Approach 91
Comparison of X.25 Operations to Frame Relay Operations 91
Joint Use of X.25 and Frame Relay? 94
Summary 95
Chapter 6
Basic Operations of Frame Relay 97
Frame Relay: Connection Services and Data Management 97
Congestion Control 100
Major Frame Relay Operations 102
The Frame Relay Frame 102
DLCI Interpretations 105
Multicasting 108
Summary 110
Chapter 7
Service Description 111
Frame Relay and the C-, U-, and M-Planes 111
Frame Relay User-to-Network Interface Architecture 113
Service Attributes 113
Performance Criteria 116
Recommendation 1.464 on Multiplexing, Rate Adaptation, and Interfaces for 64-Kbps Transfer Capability 116
The OSI Architecture and Frame Relay 117
Summary 120
Chapter 8
Core Aspects of Frame Relay 121
The Five Core Functions 121
Frame Relay Frame Formats 122
Congestion Control Management 123
Summary 129
Chapter 9
Traffic Management 133
Recommendation 1.370 for Congestion Management 133
Performance Criteria 135
Using the CIR, Be, and B. for Traffic Management 139
Congestion, Throughput, and Delay 142
Approaches to Frame Relay Data and Congestion Management 147
Summary 158
Chapter 10
Signaling for Switched Virtual Calls 159
Scope of Signaling System Number 1 (DSS1) 159
Messages for Frame Relay Connection Control 160
Proposals for Modification to 0.933 171
Frame Relay Forum Recommendations for a Switched Virtual Call (SVC)Capability 171
ANSl's Provision for OSI Connection Mode Network Services over Frame Relay 171
Summary 176
Chapter 11
The NNI, ICI, and LMI 177
The NNI 177
The ICI (FR_ICI) 190
The LMI 194
Summary 198
Chapter 12
Internetworking Frame Relay and Other Systems 199
RFC 1490: Running Multiprotocol Families over Frame Relay 199
The Data Exchange Interface (DXI) 203
RFC 1483: Running Frame Relay over ATM 210
Thernetworking Frame User-to-Network Interface (FUNI) 212
Internetworking Frame Relay and X.25 213
Summary 215
Chapter 13
Network Management 217
The Frame Relay MIB 217
Bellcore and ANSI Models for Network Management 226
Summary 230
Chapter 14
Other Pertinent Aspects of Frame Relay 237
Typical Tasks in Configuring Frame Relay Interfaces 237
Voice Over Frame Relay (VOFR) 238
Chapter 15
The Frame Relay Market 243
Descriptions of Services 243
Use of the Services at UNI 244
Major Applications Using Frame Relay 245
What Frame Relay Is Augmenting or Replacing 245
Summary and Some Final Thoughts 246
Appendix A
A Tutorial on Network Management Protocols, MlEBa, and Object Libraries 249
Terms and Definitions 249
OSI Information Modeling 252
The OSI Network Management Layers 253
The Internet Network Management Layers 253
Naming and Name Registration 254
The Management Information Base (RIB) 255
CMIP and CMISE 257
SNMP 257
Appendix B
The Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM) 261
Characteristics of ATM 261
ATM Layers 262
The ATM UNI 263
The ATM NNI 263
The ATM ICI 265
ATM Switching 265
The ATM Adaptation Layer (AAL) 266
Index 271
About the author 277
0070055904
FRAME RELAY
OSI
INTERNET PROTOCOLS
ISDN
NETWORK MANAGEMENT
004.7 B567
Frame relay networks : specifications and implementations / Uyless Black. - 2nd - New York: McGraw-Hill, 1996 - 276 p.
CONTENIDO
Chapter 1
Introduction to Frame Relay Networks 1
Predictions of Frame Relay Use 1
Communications Infrastructure 2
Frame Relay's Approach to Capacity and Intelligence Problems 6
Frame Relay and Voice Traffic 8
Frame Relay: An Evolutionary Technology 8
Frame Relay: A Dead-End Technology? 8
Reasons for the Use of Frame Relay 9
Comparison of Local and Wide Area Networks 10
The Network Bottleneck 10
A Standardized Interface 13
Genesis of Frame Relay 14
Frame Relay vs. Leased Lines 16
Virtual Private Networks (VPN)with Frame Relay 21
Frame Relay Virtual Circuits 23
Guidelines to the Frame Relay Specifications and the Organization of This Book 26
Summary 26
Chapter 2
The OSI and Internet Protocols 29
Layer Operations 29
The OSI-Based Protocols 41
The Internet Protocols 46
Frame Relay's Relationship to a Layered Model 52
Summary 53
Chapter 3
What a Frame Relay System Does and Doesn't Do 55
Distinction Between a Frame, Packet, Datagram, and Other Data Unite 55
Operations of a Conventional Data Link Protocol 56
Operations of the Data Link Layer with Frame Relay 61
Tradeoffs of Link-by-Link vs. End-to-end Error Recovery 63
Layer 2 Requirements Cited by ITU-T Q921 and ANSI T1.602 68
A Typical Frame Relay Configuration 68
Summary 69
Chapter 4
Basics of ISDN 71
Rationale for ISDN 71
The ISDN Layers 72
The ISDN Terminal 72
Layer 2 of ISDN 75
Layer 3 of ISDN (0.931) 76
Example of an ISDN Call 79
Relationship Between Frame Relay and ISDN 81
Summary 81
Chapter 5
Basics of X.25 83
Why X.25 Was Developed 83
Assumptions Made by the X.25 Designers 84
The X.25 Layers 84
X.25 Data Link Layer Operations 85
X.25 Network Layer Operations 86
X.25 Packets 89
X.25 States, Error Handling, and the Frame Relay Approach 91
X.25 Facilities and the Frame Relay Approach 91
Comparison of X.25 Operations to Frame Relay Operations 91
Joint Use of X.25 and Frame Relay? 94
Summary 95
Chapter 6
Basic Operations of Frame Relay 97
Frame Relay: Connection Services and Data Management 97
Congestion Control 100
Major Frame Relay Operations 102
The Frame Relay Frame 102
DLCI Interpretations 105
Multicasting 108
Summary 110
Chapter 7
Service Description 111
Frame Relay and the C-, U-, and M-Planes 111
Frame Relay User-to-Network Interface Architecture 113
Service Attributes 113
Performance Criteria 116
Recommendation 1.464 on Multiplexing, Rate Adaptation, and Interfaces for 64-Kbps Transfer Capability 116
The OSI Architecture and Frame Relay 117
Summary 120
Chapter 8
Core Aspects of Frame Relay 121
The Five Core Functions 121
Frame Relay Frame Formats 122
Congestion Control Management 123
Summary 129
Chapter 9
Traffic Management 133
Recommendation 1.370 for Congestion Management 133
Performance Criteria 135
Using the CIR, Be, and B. for Traffic Management 139
Congestion, Throughput, and Delay 142
Approaches to Frame Relay Data and Congestion Management 147
Summary 158
Chapter 10
Signaling for Switched Virtual Calls 159
Scope of Signaling System Number 1 (DSS1) 159
Messages for Frame Relay Connection Control 160
Proposals for Modification to 0.933 171
Frame Relay Forum Recommendations for a Switched Virtual Call (SVC)Capability 171
ANSl's Provision for OSI Connection Mode Network Services over Frame Relay 171
Summary 176
Chapter 11
The NNI, ICI, and LMI 177
The NNI 177
The ICI (FR_ICI) 190
The LMI 194
Summary 198
Chapter 12
Internetworking Frame Relay and Other Systems 199
RFC 1490: Running Multiprotocol Families over Frame Relay 199
The Data Exchange Interface (DXI) 203
RFC 1483: Running Frame Relay over ATM 210
Thernetworking Frame User-to-Network Interface (FUNI) 212
Internetworking Frame Relay and X.25 213
Summary 215
Chapter 13
Network Management 217
The Frame Relay MIB 217
Bellcore and ANSI Models for Network Management 226
Summary 230
Chapter 14
Other Pertinent Aspects of Frame Relay 237
Typical Tasks in Configuring Frame Relay Interfaces 237
Voice Over Frame Relay (VOFR) 238
Chapter 15
The Frame Relay Market 243
Descriptions of Services 243
Use of the Services at UNI 244
Major Applications Using Frame Relay 245
What Frame Relay Is Augmenting or Replacing 245
Summary and Some Final Thoughts 246
Appendix A
A Tutorial on Network Management Protocols, MlEBa, and Object Libraries 249
Terms and Definitions 249
OSI Information Modeling 252
The OSI Network Management Layers 253
The Internet Network Management Layers 253
Naming and Name Registration 254
The Management Information Base (RIB) 255
CMIP and CMISE 257
SNMP 257
Appendix B
The Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM) 261
Characteristics of ATM 261
ATM Layers 262
The ATM UNI 263
The ATM NNI 263
The ATM ICI 265
ATM Switching 265
The ATM Adaptation Layer (AAL) 266
Index 271
About the author 277
0070055904
FRAME RELAY
OSI
INTERNET PROTOCOLS
ISDN
NETWORK MANAGEMENT
004.7 B567